针对桥梁加速度传感器原位校准时标准传感器的选取问题，提出了一种基于圆弧摆线铰链的双光纤光栅加速度传感器。通过力学模型分析传感器谐振频率与灵敏度，根据桥梁原位校准要求对传感器结构进行参数优化，并进行静应力分析、模态分析和谐响应分析，最后制作传感器实物并进行标定。实验结果表明：传感器谐振频率为460 Hz，灵敏度约为43 pm/g，横向干扰能力程度5.7%，可用于桥梁上加速度监测。

光学频率梳(光频梳)具有脉冲宽度窄、频率精度高、频率梳齿稳定以及相干性好等优良的时频域特性，近年来成为超快激光技术及计量科学等领域的研究热点，并发展成为一种重要的科研工具。近期，一类基于光频梳相干合成的新型光源，可实现对光的偏振或轨道角动量进行射频波段的周期性且高速稳定的调制。本文从光频梳的基本概念出发，分别就偏振调制和轨道角动量调制两个方面，详细介绍了基于光频梳相干合成新型光源的基本原理、实验技术以及表征手段等的最新研究进展。最后简要讨论光频梳相干合成技术在固体光谱学、光学操控、光与物质相互作用等领域的应用前景。

Precise and fast determination of position and orientation, which is normally achieved by distance and angle measurements, has broad applications in academia and industry. We propose a dynamic three-degree-of-freedom measurement technique based on dual-comb interferometry and a self-designed grating-corner-cube (GCC) combined sensor. Benefiting from its unique combination of diffraction and reflection characteristics, the absolute distance, pitch, and yaw of the GCC sensor can be determined simultaneously by resolving the phase spectra of the corresponding diffracted beams. We experimentally demonstrate that the method exhibits a ranging precision (Allan deviation) of 13.7 nm and an angular precision of 0.088 arcsec, alongside a 1 ms reaction time. The proposed technique is capable of precise and fast measurement of distances and two-dimensional angles over long stand-off distances. A system with such an overall performance may be potentially applied to space missions, including in tight formation-flying satellites, for spacecraft rendezvous and docking, and for antenna measurement as well as the precise manufacture of components including lithography machines and aircraft-manufacturing devices.

A new miniature spectrometer with two entrance slits is proposed to expand the spectral band. The proposed spectrometer is designed such that the two entrance slits share the same concave grating and detector array. The two slits are located at different positions such that the spectral range of the same light source incident on the detector array varies greatly between the two slits. Only one of the two slits is illuminated at a given time; as such, the two spectral ranges are sequentially measured. Theoretical calculation and experimentation are conducted to verify the proposed design.